Andrology

Andrology

A sperm analysis may be needed for a variety of reasons. If a couple or person is having trouble conceiving, they can request a sperm analysis. According to some figures, a male element is present in 40 to 50 percent of cases where couples are unable to conceive.

Up to 2% of men have sperm issues as a result of one or more of the following factors:

  1. A sample of semen has a low sperm count. 
  2. Reduced Sperm Motility / Reduced sperm movement.
  3.  Change in Morphology (abnormal size and shape of sperm.

The aim of a semen analysis is to evaluate ejaculated sperm. Semen analysis is used to assess male fertility as well as to monitor treatment regimens for male infertility. In clinical practice, evaluating the actual fertilization capability of sperm in vitro is often more useful. The procedure is a crucial part of male fertility research, and the findings will reveal whether or not there is male facto for infertility.

Why its done?

Ejaculate volume, sperm count, concentration, motility, and morphology are all part of a complete semen analysis. These are evaluated using World Health Organization (WHO) standards.

Although both men and women can have fertility problems, male fertility issues can account for up to half of all infertility cases. Since low sperm output is a common cause of male infertility, one of the first tests your doctor would likely order is a semen analysis.

How do you Prepare ?

For at least 3-5 days, you must refrain from both intercourse and masturbation. In the days leading up to the sample creation, your fertility specialist may recommend adjusting some lifestyle factors, such as avoiding alcohol, caffeine, and certain medications.

Before preparing the semen sample, make sure you thoroughly wash your hands. A sterile test pot should be used to hold the sample (provided by your fertility center). Your full name, date of birth, and ejaculation date and time must all be written on the pot. It will be difficult to analyze the samples if the details are missing.

If you want to ejaculate in the privacy and comfort of your own home, bear in mind that the sample must be kept warm and shipped to your fertility center within one hour of ejaculation. You also can’t transport the sample using a condom since condoms contain spermicide.

What are the parameters checked in semen analysis ?

  1. 1.5 ml to 5.0 ml volume
  2. sperm concentration (number of sperm per milliliter of ejaculate):  > 20 million/milliliter
  3. Motility (percentage of sperm that moves): 50% or higher
  4. Forward progression (of the moving sperm; the strength of their forward movement) : 2+ or more
  5. Morphology : WHO criteria require 30 percent or more normal shapes, while Kruger strict criteria require 14 percent or more normal shapes.
  6. Minimal clumping
  7. Minimal presence of white or red blood cells
  8. There is no hyper viscosity (thickening of seminal fluid)
  9. WBC : Less than 1×106/ml 

What if your findings reveal a flaw ?

Male factor infertility can be treated and ranges from mild to severe. There’s a distinction between having a low sperm count and having poor sperm motility or no sperm count, for example. If the findings of your semen examination reveal that there is an issue, the next move is to meet with a fertility specialist to devise a treatment plan.

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